Representation of Sargam ( Abbreviation)

Mandra, Madhya & Taar Saptak  ( Lower, Middle & Upper Octave ):

‘Sa

‘Re

‘Ga

‘Ma

‘Pa

‘Dha

‘Ni

Sa

Re

Ga

Ma

Pa

Dha

Ni

Sa’

Re’

Ga’

Ma’

Pa’

Dha’

Ni’

Mandra Saptak ( Lower Octave)

Madhaya Saptak ( Middle Octave )

Taar Saptak ( Upper Octave )

Mandra Saptak ( Lower Octave ) Notes:

These notes are represented by an apostrophe ( ‘ ) before the note.

Madhya Saptak ( Middle Octave) Notes:

These notes are represented without any sign.

Taar Saptak ( Upper Octave ) Notes:

These notes are represented by an apostrophe ( ‘ ) after the note.

Shudh, Komal & Teevra Swaras (Natural, Flat & Sharp Notes):

    Shudh Swaras ( Natural Notes): These are represented by capital letters ( Re, Ma etc).

    Komal & Teevra Swaras ( Flat & Sharp Notes ): These are represented by small letters ( re, ma etc.)

Swar	Meaning in Hindustani Classical Music	Meaning in Western Music (Considering Ref. Sa=Middle C)
‘Sa	Mandra Saptak Sa	Lower Octave Sa ( C )
‘re	Mandra Saptak Komal Re	Lower Octave Flat Re (C#)
‘Re	Mandra Saptak Shudh Re	Lower Octave Natural Re (D)
‘ga	Mandra Saptak Komal Ga	Lower Octave Flat Ga (D#)
‘Ga	Mandra Saptak Shudh Ga	Lower Octave Natural Ga ( E)
‘Ma	Mandra Saptak Shudh Ma	Lower Octave Natural Ma ( F)
‘ma	Mandra Saptak Teevra Ma	Lower Octave Sharp Ma ( F#)
‘Pa	Mandra Saptak Pa	Lower Octave Pa (G)
‘dha	Mandra Saptak Komal Dha	Lower Octave Flat Dha ( G#)
‘Dha	Mandra Saptak Shudh Dha	Lower Octave Natural Dha ( A)
‘ni	Mandra Saptak Komal Ni	Lower Octave Flat Ni (A#)
‘Ni	Mandra Saptak Shudh Ni	Lower Octave Natural Ni ( B)

Swar	Meaning in Hindustani Classical Music	Meaning in Western Music (Considering Ref. Sa=Middle C)
Sa	Madhya Saptak Sa	Middle Octave Sa ( C )
re	Madhya Saptak Komal Re	Middle Octave Flat Re (C#)
Re	Madhya Saptak Shudh Re	Middle Octave Natural Re (D)
ga	Madhya Saptak Komal Ga	Middle Octave Flat Ga (D#)
Ga	Madhya Saptak Shudh Ga	Middle Octave Natural Ga ( E)
Ma	Madhya Saptak Shudh Ma	Middle Octave Natural Ma ( F)
ma	Madhya Saptak Teevra Ma	Middle Octave Sharp Ma ( F#)
Pa	Madhya Saptak Pa	Middle Octave Pa (G)
dha	Madhya Saptak Komal Dha	Middle Octave Flat Dha ( G#)
Dha	Madhya Saptak Shudh Dha	Middle Octave Natural Dha ( A)
ni	Madhya Saptak Komal Ni	Middle Octave Flat Ni (A#)
Ni	Madhya Saptak Shudh Ni	Middle Octave Natural Ni ( B)

Swar	Meaning in Hindustani Classical Music	Meaning in Western Music (Considering Ref. Sa=Middle C)
Sa’	Taar Saptak Sa	Higher Octave Sa ( C )
re’	Taar Saptak Komal Re	Higher Octave Flat Re (C#)
Re’	Taar Saptak Shudh Re	Higher Octave Natural Re (D)
ga’	Taar Saptak Komal Ga	Higher Octave Flat Ga (D#)
Ga’	Taar Saptak Shudh Ga	Higher Octave Natural Ga ( E)
Ma’	Taar Saptak Shudh Ma	Higher Octave Natural Ma ( F)
ma’	Taar Saptak Teevra Ma	Higher Octave Sharp Ma ( F#)
Pa’	Taar Saptak Pa	Higher Octave Pa (G)
dha’	Taar Saptak Komal Dha	Higher Octave Flat Dha ( G#)
Dha’	Taar Saptak Shudh Dha	Higher Octave Natural Dha ( A)
ni’	Taar Saptak Komal Ni	Higher Octave Flat Ni (A#)
Ni’	Taar Saptak Shudh Ni	Higher Octave Natural Ni ( B)